Semantic Web and IoT
At this point, many people will
be wondering one thing: What will best choice? The good news is that, apart
from your structuring and visualizing of documents, it is possible to build and
use a web site semantically meaningful. The bad news is that Markup languages,
such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript and other web scripting languages is centered
more on structure, appearance visualization and presentation of content in web.
Semantics is about the meaning of the information is just that - a Semantic
(meaningful) layer on top of the WWW.
The Semantic Web revolves
around the notion that we can represent a lot of useful knowledge as simple
statements that machines can understand. Each statement has three parts: a
subject (Resource), a predicate (property) and an object (value). For example:
"human beings, are, mammals". Another example “a mammal, can,
walk" and a third might be "humans, are smaller than, Elephant".
These statements can be joined
to create new knowledge. For example, we know that mammals can walk; we know
that Elephant are mammals and thus we know that human beings can walk. That's
obvious to you and me but to a computer that's new knowledge that it has to
learn and the semantic web gives it a way to figure out new knowledge like this
using 'reasoning'.
In semantic web we use semi
structured (RDF), it is self-describing (ontologies using OWL), and allows
resource discovery (SPARQL). RDF can be embedded within XHTML using eRDF or
W3C's RDFa used for finding and manipulating the data that is out there and is
accessible via HTTP. For example shared ontologies used to establish meaning
(semantic) of the object and meaning of relations between the objects for
example: FOAF and Dublin Core.
The most known API for handling
a set of triplets (subject, predicate, value) is called Jena: see
http://jena.sourceforge.net/.
Note that there is a lot over
overlap between the semantic web and another simper concept called Linked Data.
Linked Data is about data, the semantic web is more about processing the data,
reasoning over it. There's already a lot of encrypted data on the World Wide
Web using a different formats RDF version of Wikipedia, called DBPedia.
These semantic technologies can
be applied to IoT(Internet of Things). Without Ontology there is lack of
explicit and formal representation of the IoT knowledge could cause ambiguity
in terminology. Ontology for the Internet of Things provides all the necessary
semantics for the specification of IoT devices as well as the specifications of
the IoT solution (input, output, control logic) that is deployed using these
devices. These semantics comprise vocabulary related to sensors and
observations, using already existed SSN ontology (by W3C Semantic Sensor
Network Incubator Group), and to take the semantics of devices beyond sensors.
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