Semantic
:
relating to meaning in language or logic.
Semantic
web:
The first step is putting
data on the Web in a form that machines can naturally understand, or converting
it to that form. This creates what I call a Semantic Web—a web of data that
can be processed directly or indirectly by machines.
The Semantic Web is a collaborative movement led by
international standards body the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The standard
promotes common data formats on the World Wide Web.
An extension of
the current Web that provides an easier way to
find, share, reuse and combine information. It is based on machine-readable
information and builds on XML technology's capability to define
customized tagging schemes and RDF's (ResourceDescription Framework) flexible approach to representing data.
The Semantic Web
provides common formats for the interchange of data (where on the Web
there is only an interchange of documents). It also provides a common language for recording how data relates to real world objects, allowing a person
or a machine to start off in one database, and then move through an unending set of databases which are connected
not by wires but by being about the same thing.
Semantic web is a
logical extension of the current web instead of distant possibility.
A semantic web is a web
where the focus is placed on the meaning of words, rather then on the words
themselves
“The semantic theory
provides an account of ‘meaning’ in which the logical connection of terms
establishes interoperability between systems”.
Why do we need Semantic Web?
First of all, many people define
the semantic web as a “web of meaning” or a “web of data” that will allow
computer applications to exploit the data directly.
Vladimir
Zelevinsky explained it like this in terms of information retrieval
need/information retrieval technologies:
- Known Item Search -> Keyword Search (e.g., Google – where
you need to find what you know exists);
- Unknown Item Search -> Guided Navigation (e.g., Faceted search
– where you need to explore the data space);
- Unknown Relationship Search -> Semantic Web (where you are looking not
for separate items in the repository, in this case the web, but for the
connection(s) between them.
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